Reported speech 3 eso pdf

Direct and indirect discourse

3.2. DIRECT STYLE AND REPORT VERBS Another aspect that should be emphasized when defining DE and IE has to do with the frequency of use of DE in orality, since in all the research described above, the tendency of speakers to use direct quotations much more than indirect quotations in their conversations is observed, especially in the case of narrative sequences. Therefore, as Benavent Payá 2003 explains, the marked structure would undoubtedly be the IE. Likewise, all the verbs quoted in the GDLE are very unproductive in orality, since the verb used par excellence is decir, as is also corroborated in the studies described above. The animacy of the quoted subject is also an important aspect in the framework of oral narratives (cf. Cameron 1998). Usually, these are animate human entities, as in (13). Cases like those in (14) are very rare.

Second, the quoted content may contain fragments that do not actually quote reported words, as in (22), or it may consist entirely of these structures that seem to be used for the purpose of filling information gaps during the communicative exchange (23). Both cases constitute further evidence in favor of the non-literal nature of direct quotations in orality:

Indirect speech

Reported Speech: explanation, examples and exercisesIndex of the articleThe Reported Speech of English (also called ‘Indirect speech’ or, more for these parts, ‘Indirect style of English’) is perhaps the aspect of English grammar that causes more headaches, one of the most forgotten and, look how causality, one of the most importantBecause, for example, it is essential to master it to obtain qualifications such as the ‘First certificate’ or ‘CAE’ so demanded today by companies of all kinds. Not to mention that it is widely used in written English, both in formal and informal language, both in the best works of Shakespeare and in the Whatsapp messages of your university group…

Reasons there are many to learn ‘Reported Speech’ (well, actually the direct and indirect style of English). Or well, maybe it’s better to say “remember it”. Well, we have all seen these notions of English grammar at school or high school, but they tend to be forgotten over time (as well as others, such as the well-known English connectors), so it is a good idea to review them from time to time! That is the reason for this article: to remind you what the ‘Reported Speech’ is; how the indirect style of English is formulated; and what aspects change when you go from direct speech to indirect speech; as well as many examples and exercises to complement it. We hope you find it helpful Before we get to Reported Speech: what is direct speech, let’s start at the beginning (textbook tautology); before we dive into Reported Speech, let’s look at its opposite: Direct Speech. An indivisible part of the indirect style that has brought you here today.What is the direct style in English? The one we use to report exactly what the other person has said. To do this, word for word, we put what was said in quotation marks. So: What is the indirect style of English then? The explanation of the ‘Reported Speech’ is nothing but the opposite of the direct style that we explained in the previous point. That is to say:

Indirect speech

Reported Speech: explanation, examples and exercisesIndex of the articleThe Reported Speech of English (also called ‘Indirect speech’ or, more for these parts, ‘Indirect style of English’) is perhaps the aspect of English grammar that causes more headaches, one of the most forgotten and, by chance, one of the most importantBecause, for example, it is essential to master it to obtain qualifications such as the ‘First certificate’ or ‘CAE’ so demanded today by companies of all kinds. Not to mention that it is widely used in written English, both in formal and informal language, both in the best works of Shakespeare and in the Whatsapp messages of your university group…

Reasons there are many to learn ‘Reported Speech’ (well, actually the direct and indirect style of English). Or well, maybe it’s better to say “remember it”. Well, we have all seen these notions of English grammar at school or high school, but they tend to be forgotten with the passing of time (as well as others, such as the well-known English connectors). That’s why it is convenient to review them from time to time! That’s the reason for this article: to remind you what the ‘Reported Speech’ is; how the indirect style of English is formulated; and what aspects change when you go from direct speech to indirect speech; as well as many examples and exercises to complement it. We hope you find it helpful Before we get to Reported Speech: what is direct speech, let’s start at the beginning (textbook tautology); before we dive into Reported Speech, let’s look at its opposite: Direct Speech. An indivisible part of the indirect style that has brought you here today.What is the direct style in English? The one we use to report exactly what the other person has said. To do this, word for word, we put what was said in quotation marks. So: What is the indirect style of English then? The explanation of the ‘Reported Speech’ is nothing but the opposite of the direct style that we explained in the previous point. That is to say:

Discurso informado

Los resultados muestran disminución de estilo directo y aumento significativo de estilo indirecto, junto con una mayor expresión de intencionalidad a través de las muestras de los distintos grados. Estos resultados contrastan con el uso predominante de estilo directo y la ausencia de expresiones de intenciones y deseos en el cuento original, y muestran una reconstrucción narrativa creciente en los intercambios dialógicos de los personajes.

Este estudio analiza el habla y el pensamiento reportados en las narraciones de niños y adolescentes mexicanos en edad escolar cuando expresan deseos y voluntades de los personajes en el recuento de un cuento. Se compara la diversidad y frecuencia del estilo directo e indirecto en 80 relatos orales de niños de primer grado (6-7 años), niños de tercer grado (8-9 años), niños de sexto grado (11-12 años) y adolescentes de noveno grado (14-15 años), esperando un aumento significativo del uso del estilo indirecto, lingüística y narrativamente más complejo.

Los resultados muestran una disminución del uso del discurso directo mientras que aumenta significativamente el discurso y el pensamiento indirecto, junto con el aumento de las expresiones de voluntad en las narraciones de los alumnos de los distintos niveles escolares. Estas tendencias contrastan con el uso predominante del discurso directo en la historia original. Estos resultados evidencian una progresiva complejidad narrativa en la reconstrucción del diálogo de los personajes.

Patricia Gómez

Bienvenid@, soy Patricia Gómez y te invito a leer mi blog de interés.